COVID-19 vaccine distribution: A review of strategies in Africa and the USA

Amid the ongoing global efforts to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, equitable vaccine distribution has emerged as a critical challenge. This review explores the contrasting strategies employed in Africa and the USA to distribute COVID-19 vaccines, shedding light on the unique challenges and opportunities faced by each region. In Africa, where healthcare infrastructure and resources vary widely, the distribution strategy involves collaborations with international organizations, leveraging existing vaccination programs, and addressing logistical hurdles. The review emphasizes the importance of tailored approaches to suit the diverse contexts within the African continent. In contrast, the USA's vaccine distribution strategy reflects a mix of federal and state-level initiatives, with a focus on mass vaccination sites, community clinics, and partnerships with private entities. The review delves into the challenges faced by the USA, including supply chain issues and disparities in vaccine access, and examines the innovative measures adopted to overcome these hurdles. Additionally, it analyzes the role of technology and data-driven approaches in optimizing vaccine distribution efficiency in both regions. The comparative analysis highlights the significance of considering socio-economic, geographical, and infrastructural factors in crafting effective vaccine distribution strategies. By exploring the successes and shortcomings in Africa and the USA, this review aims to contribute valuable insights to the ongoing global discourse on optimizing COVID-19 vaccine distribution, fostering collaboration, and ensuring equitable access to vaccines across diverse healthcare landscapes.