Edge Computing: Opportunities and Challenges

Edge computing has emerged as an innovative paradigm, promising to reshape the landscape of computational processing by bringing data closer to the source of generation, namely Internet of Things (IoT) devices. As the proliferation of IoT devices surges, so does the need for efficient, low-latency processing. Edge computing addresses these demands by decentralizing computational tasks, optimizing bandwidth, and ensuring rapid data processing. This paper delves into the nuances of edge computing, highlighting its distinct advantages, particularly in latency reduction and bandwidth conservation. However, with these opportunities come challenges, notably in the domain of security. Through a systematic review and simulation-based experimentation, this research affirms the transformative potential of edge computing, while also underscoring the need for robust security frameworks. The study concludes with a forward-looking perspective, emphasizing areas of future research including security enhancements, integration with 5G technology, energy-efficient architectures, and cross-domain applications.