The relationship between nutrition, physical activity, and sleep quality to changes in anemia status in adolescent girls with anemia

Background: Anemia in adolescent girls occurs when blood hemoglobin levels show a value of less than 12 g/dL. The incidence rate of anemia in adolescent girls in Indonesia is still quite high, which is around 41.4%-66.7%
Purpose: This study was to analyze the relationship between nutrition, physical activity, and sleep quality to changes in anemia status in adolescent girls at SMA Negeri 1 Manyar Gresik
Method: This type of research is in the form of quantitative observational analysis with a cross-sectional design. Sampling by the concecutive method. The respondents were 45 adolescent girls aged 16-18 years with a history of anemia. Initial Hb data was obtained from the health center during the September 2023 Hb examination and current Hb data was obtained by examining each respondent using the PCOT method and other data was obtained by distributing questionnaires
Result: From the results of the analysis, it was found that 71.1% still have anemia, and 28.9% no longer have anemia. Nutrient intake was obtained 73.3% undernutrients, 20% normal nutrients, and 6.7% overnutrients. Physical activity was obtained by 44.4% in the moderate category, 40% in the heavy category, and 15.6% in the low category. Sleep quality was obtained by 77.8% good sleep quality and 22.2% poor sleep quality. The results of the statistical test using the chi-square test found that there was a relationship between changes in anemia status and nutrition (pvalue = 0.017), there was a relationship with physical activity (pvalue = 0.011), and there was a relationship with sleep quality (pvalue = 0.014)
Conclusion: There was a relationship between nutrition, physical activity, and sleep quality to changes in anemia status in adolescent girls at SMA Negeri 1 Manyar.