Advancements in critical technology: An exploration in cloud computing, IoT, and Cyber-Physical systems

This paper explores the latest advancements in critical technology areas such as cloud computing, the Internet of Things (IoT), and cyber-physical systems. It provides a comprehensive review of current trends, technological challenges, and future opportunities, emphasizing the potential impact of these technologies on modern industries and infrastructure.
Cloud computing offers a flexible framework in which data and resources are spread across different locations and can be accessed from various industrial environments. This technology has revolutionized the way resources such as data, services, and applications are used, stored, and shared in industrial applications. Over the past decade, industries have rapidly embraced cloud computing due to its advantages of enhanced accessibility, cost reduction, and improved performance. Moreover, the integration of cloud computing has led to significant advancements in the field of the Internet of Things (IoT). However, this quick shift to the cloud has also introduced various security concerns and challenges. Traditional security solutions are not always suitable or effective for cloud-based systems (Amit Kumar Tyagi, 2021).
In recent years, cyber-physical systems (CPS) have been to many vital areas, including medical devices, smart cars, industrial systems, energy grid, etc. As these systems increasingly rely on Internet, ensuring their security requirements, which are different from those of ordinary information technology systems, has become an important research topic.