Comparison of the efficacy of pulsed ultrasound and laser in tooth movement: A literature review

When orthodontic treatment is performed, several cells responsible for bone remodeling are stimulated, including fibroblasts, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and other cells. Bone remodeling is essential as it allows us to move dental pieces from their original position to the desired location within the dental arch, correcting malocclusion, achieving functional occlusion, and, in some cases, enhancing facial harmony. One reason why patients may hesitate to undergo orthodontic treatment is the long duration, typically spanning 24 to 36 months (2-3 years). Currently, new techniques have been developed to reduce treatment time, periodontal inflammation, hyalinization and intense pain. These techniques can be classified into three categories: 1) Biochemical stimuli, 2) Mechanical or physical, and 3) Surgical intervention. A thorough search of current literature was conducted across various scientific sources to explore this topic. The objective of this literature review is to compare the effectiveness and efficiency of laser and pulsed ultrasound techniques in tooth movement. By examining the advantages and disadvantages of each physical technique, we aim to determine the most suitable and minimally invasive approach to bone remodeling, ultimately reducing orthodontic treatment time while ensuring effective tooth movement without causing unwanted pain or adverse effects for the patient.