Comparative thermal performance investigation of the straight tube and square tube solar water heater

Sustainable energy is a need and demand of time to overcome issues related to greenhouse emissions and climate change and the most easily available and sustainable energy is solar energy which can be used for heating, cooking, and power generation. The most common application of solar energy is water heating and such hot water is used for domestic and industrial purposes for such purposes solar water heater (SWH) is commonly used; in the present work, an attempt has been made by changing the shape of pipe of copper pipe which is commonly used in SWH from a circular cross-section to square and comparing the results of the proposed model with conventional one. The K-type thermocouples measure the temperature at various locations of the experimental setup.